Continued dissatisfaction with primary and secondary education in Florida and elsewhere has prompted a revolution in education policy. Recent policy changes that have been implemented in Florida and elsewhere include more centralized school finance, mergers of school districts, expanded citizen choice among public schools, and school voucher systems. Unfortunately, new policies are being debated and adopted in Florida and elsewhere in a research vacuum.  We have much to learn about many key elements of public education policy, including: the effects of alternative systems of school finance on public school performance and private school enrollment; how school choice and competition among school districts affect school qualities and neighborhood formation; and the overall effects of voucher systems.